Courses tagged with "Adult & Continuing Education" (20)

This chemistry survey is designed to introduce students to the world of chemistry.  The principles of chemistry were first identified, studied, and applied by ancient Egyptians in order to extract metal from ores, make alcoholic beverages, glaze pottery, turn fat into soap, and much more.  What began as a quest to build better weapons or create potions capable of ensuring everlasting life has since become the foundation of modern science.  Take a look around you: chemistry makes up almost everything you touch, see, and feel, from the shampoo you used this morning to the plastic container that holds your lunch.  In this course, we will study chemistry from the ground up, learning the basics of the atom and its behavior.  We will use this knowledge to understand the chemical properties of matter and the changes and reactions that take place in all types of matter.

Inorganic chemistry is a division of chemistry that studies metals, their compounds, and their reactivity.  Metal atoms can be bound to other metal atoms in alloys or metal clusters, to nonmetal elements in crystalline rocks, or to small organic molecules, such as a cyclopentadienyl anion in ferrocene.  These metal atoms can also be part of large biological molecules, as in the case of iron in hemoglobin (oxygen-carrier protein in the blood). In this course, you should not think of metals as you encounter them in your daily life (i.e., when you pick up a steel knife, a can of soda, or a gold necklace).  Instead, you should think of a metal as the central atom or ion in a molecule surrounded by other ions or small molecules called ligands.  Depending on what these ligands are, the metal-containing compound can acquire very different physical and chemical properties.  For example, when magnesium (in its ionic state) is bound to carbonate ions, it forms solid crystalline rocks, as in the dolomite rocks (c…

Get a basic overview of microbiology before exploring advanced topics like bacterial cell morphology, nitrogen fixation and protozoan diseases through this online Education Portal course, Biology 103: Microbiology. Watch our video lessons on STDs, bacterial diseases and foodborne illnesses as you prepare to earn real college credit through the Microbiology Excelsior Exam . Though the subjects covered in these lessons are somewhat intense, our experienced, knowledgeable instructors have kept the videos brief, engaging and easy to follow. You also can benefit from the multiple-choice quizzes and written transcripts that complement each video.

Organic Chemistry of Macromolecules covers the preparation, reactions, and properties of high molecular weight polymeric materials of both natural and synthetic origin. As a part of this course, U-M students collaboratively created and edited Wikipedia articles. Course Level: Graduate This Work, Chemistry 538 - Organic Chemistry of Macromolecules, by Anne McNeil is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license.

This introduction to fundamental chemical concepts of atomic and molecular structure will emphasize the development of these concepts from experimental observations and scientific reasoning.

Chemistry is an integral part of our lives and the world we live in. Chemistry explains the world around us. Are you a college student intimidated by a chemistry course? Do you need a head start in exploring chemistry in order to be prepared for general chemistry courses? In this pre-college course, students will be introduced to the fundamentals of chemistry. Concepts, terminologies, and basic mathematics skills required for conversions in chemistry will be covered. This basic chemistry course is recommended for McHenry County College

This course provides an introduction to the chemistry of biological, inorganic, and organic molecules. The emphasis is o

Topics covered in college organic chemistry course. Basic understanding of basic high school or college chemistry assumed. Representing Structures of Organic Molecules. Naming Simple Alkanes. Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups. Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name!. Common and Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec and Tert Prefixes. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 1. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 2. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5. Naming Alkenes Examples. Naming Alkyl Halides. sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds. Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals. Newman Projections. Newman Projections 2. Chair and Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane. Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane. Introduction to Chirality. Chiral Examples 1. Chiral Examples 2. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System for Naming Enantiomers. R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) Naming System Example 2. Stereoisomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Constitutional Isomers and Meso Compounds. Cis-Trans and E-Z Naming Scheme for Alkenes. Entgegen-Zusammen Naming Scheme for Alkenes Examples. Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms. Markovnikov's Rule and Carbocations. Addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism. Polymerization of Alkenes with Acid. Sn2 Reactions. Sn1 Reactions. Steric Hindrance. Sn2 Stereochemistry. Solvent Effects on Sn1 and Sn2 Reactions. Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength). Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity. E2 Reactions. E1 Reactions. Zaitsev's Rule. Comparing E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 2. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 3. Free Radical Reactions. Alcohols. Alcohol Properties. Resonance. Ether Naming and Introduction. Cyclic ethers and epoxide naming. Ring-opening Sn2 reaction of expoxides. Sn1 and Sn2 epoxide opening discussion. Aromatic Compounds and Huckel's Rule. Naming Benzene Derivatives Introduction. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Bromination of Benzene. Amine Naming Introduction. Amine Naming 2. Amine as Nucleophile in Sn2 Reaction. Amine in Sn2 part 2. Sn1 Amine Reaction. Aldehyde Introduction. Ketone Naming. Friedel Crafts Acylation. Friedel Crafts Acylation Addendum. Keto Enol Tautomerization. Carboxlic Acid Introduction. Carboxylic Acid Naming. Fisher Esterification. Acid Chloride Formation. Amides, Anhydrides, Esters and Acyl Chlorides. Relative Stability of Amides Esters Anhydrides and Acyl Chlorides. Amide Formation from Acyl Chloride. Aldol Reaction.

alcohols, ethers, epoxides, thiols, sulfides. Alcohols. Alcohol Properties. alcohol nomenclature. physical properties of alcohols and preparation of alkoxides. preparation of alcohols using NaBH4. preparation of alcohols using LiAlH4. synthesis of alcohols using grignard reagents I. synthesis of alcohols using grignard reagents II. oxidation of alcohols I: mechanism and oxidation states. oxidation of alcohols II: examples. biological redox reactions. formation of nitrate esters. preparation of alkyl halides from alcohols. Ether Naming and Introduction. Ether nomenclature. Properties of ethers and crown ethers. williamson ether synthesis. acidic cleavage of ethers. Cyclic ethers and epoxide naming. nomenclature and preparation of epoxides. preparation of epoxides: stereochemistry. Ring-opening Sn2 reaction of expoxides. Sn1 and Sn2 epoxide opening discussion. ring-opening reactions of epoxides: strong nucleophiles. ring opening reactions of epoxides: acid-catalyzed. preparation of sulfides. Alcohols. Alcohol Properties. alcohol nomenclature. physical properties of alcohols and preparation of alkoxides. preparation of alcohols using NaBH4. preparation of alcohols using LiAlH4. synthesis of alcohols using grignard reagents I. synthesis of alcohols using grignard reagents II. oxidation of alcohols I: mechanism and oxidation states. oxidation of alcohols II: examples. biological redox reactions. formation of nitrate esters. preparation of alkyl halides from alcohols. Ether Naming and Introduction. Ether nomenclature. Properties of ethers and crown ethers. williamson ether synthesis. acidic cleavage of ethers. Cyclic ethers and epoxide naming. nomenclature and preparation of epoxides. preparation of epoxides: stereochemistry. Ring-opening Sn2 reaction of expoxides. Sn1 and Sn2 epoxide opening discussion. ring-opening reactions of epoxides: strong nucleophiles. ring opening reactions of epoxides: acid-catalyzed. preparation of sulfides.

nomenclature and reactions of aldehydes and ketones. Aldehyde Introduction. Ketone Naming. Keto Enol Tautomerization. Aldol Reaction. Aldehyde Introduction. Ketone Naming. Keto Enol Tautomerization. Aldol Reaction.

naming alkanes and cycloalkanes, conformations of alkanes and cycloalkanes, and free radical reactions. Representing Structures of Organic Molecules. Naming Simple Alkanes. Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups. Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name!. Common and Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec and Tert Prefixes. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 1. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 2. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5. Newman Projections. Newman Projections 2. Chair and Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane. Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature II. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III. bicyclic compounds. naming cubane. conformations of ethane and propane. conformations of butane. conformations of cyclohexane I: chair and boat. conformations of cyclohexane II: monosubstituted. conformations of cyclohexane III: disubstituted. conformations of cyclohexane IV: trisubstituted. Free Radical Reactions. Representing Structures of Organic Molecules. Naming Simple Alkanes. Naming Alkanes with Alkyl Groups. Correction - 2-Propylheptane should never be the name!. Common and Systematic Naming-Iso, Sec and Tert Prefixes. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 1. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 2. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 3. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 4. Organic Chemistry Naming Examples 5. Newman Projections. Newman Projections 2. Chair and Boat Shapes for Cyclohexane. Double Newman Diagram for Methcyclohexane. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature I. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature II. alkane and cycloalkane nomenclature III. bicyclic compounds. naming cubane. conformations of ethane and propane. conformations of butane. conformations of cyclohexane I: chair and boat. conformations of cyclohexane II: monosubstituted. conformations of cyclohexane III: disubstituted. conformations of cyclohexane IV: trisubstituted. Free Radical Reactions.

naming alkenes and alkynes, reactions of alkenes and alkynes, synthesis. Naming Alkenes Examples. Cis-Trans and E-Z Naming Scheme for Alkenes. Entgegen-Zusammen Naming Scheme for Alkenes Examples. Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms. Markovnikov's Rule and Carbocations. Addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism. Polymerization of Alkenes with Acid. Alkene intro and stability. Alkene nomenclature. cis/trans and the E/Z system. hydrogenation. hydrohalogenation. hydration. halogenation. halohydrin formation. hydroboration-oxidation. epoxide formation and anti dihydroxylation. syn dihydroxylation. Ozonolysis. alkyne nomenclature. alkyne acidity and alkylation. preparation of alkynes. reduction of alkynes. hydrohalogenation of alkynes. hydration of alkynes. hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes. halogenation and ozonolysis of alkynes. synthesis using alkynes. Naming Alkenes Examples. Cis-Trans and E-Z Naming Scheme for Alkenes. Entgegen-Zusammen Naming Scheme for Alkenes Examples. Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms. Markovnikov's Rule and Carbocations. Addition of Water (Acid-Catalyzed) Mechanism. Polymerization of Alkenes with Acid. Alkene intro and stability. Alkene nomenclature. cis/trans and the E/Z system. hydrogenation. hydrohalogenation. hydration. halogenation. halohydrin formation. hydroboration-oxidation. epoxide formation and anti dihydroxylation. syn dihydroxylation. Ozonolysis. alkyne nomenclature. alkyne acidity and alkylation. preparation of alkynes. reduction of alkynes. hydrohalogenation of alkynes. hydration of alkynes. hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes. halogenation and ozonolysis of alkynes. synthesis using alkynes.

nomenclature and reactions of amines. Amine Naming Introduction. Amine Naming 2. Amine as Nucleophile in Sn2 Reaction. Amine in Sn2 part 2. Sn1 Amine Reaction. Amine Naming Introduction. Amine Naming 2. Amine as Nucleophile in Sn2 Reaction. Amine in Sn2 part 2. Sn1 Amine Reaction.

aromatic compounds, naming derivatives of benzene, electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Naming Benzene Derivatives Introduction. naming benzene derivatives. Aromatic Compounds and Huckel's Rule. Aromatic Stability I. aromatic stability II. aromatic stability III. aromatic stability IV. aromatic stability V. Aromatic Heterocycles I. Aromatic Heterocycles II. Resonance. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Bromination of Benzene. Friedel Crafts Acylation. Friedel Crafts Acylation Addendum. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism. Halogenation. Nitration. Sulfonation. Friedel-Crafts Alkylation. Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Ortho-Para Directors I. Ortho-Para Directors II. Ortho-Para Directors III. Meta Directors I. Meta Directors II. Multiple Substituents. Birch Reduction I. Birch Reduction II. Reactions at the Benzylic Position. Synthesis of Substituted Benzene Rings I. Synthesis of Substituted Benzene Rings II. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution I. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution II. Naming Benzene Derivatives Introduction. naming benzene derivatives. Aromatic Compounds and Huckel's Rule. Aromatic Stability I. aromatic stability II. aromatic stability III. aromatic stability IV. aromatic stability V. Aromatic Heterocycles I. Aromatic Heterocycles II. Resonance. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Bromination of Benzene. Friedel Crafts Acylation. Friedel Crafts Acylation Addendum. Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism. Halogenation. Nitration. Sulfonation. Friedel-Crafts Alkylation. Friedel-Crafts Acylation. Ortho-Para Directors I. Ortho-Para Directors II. Ortho-Para Directors III. Meta Directors I. Meta Directors II. Multiple Substituents. Birch Reduction I. Birch Reduction II. Reactions at the Benzylic Position. Synthesis of Substituted Benzene Rings I. Synthesis of Substituted Benzene Rings II. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution I. Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution II.

naming carboxylic acids, formation of carboxylic acid derivatives. Carboxlic Acid Introduction. Carboxylic Acid Naming. Fisher Esterification. Acid Chloride Formation. Amides, Anhydrides, Esters and Acyl Chlorides. Relative Stability of Amides Esters Anhydrides and Acyl Chlorides. Amide Formation from Acyl Chloride. Carboxlic Acid Introduction. Carboxylic Acid Naming. Fisher Esterification. Acid Chloride Formation. Amides, Anhydrides, Esters and Acyl Chlorides. Relative Stability of Amides Esters Anhydrides and Acyl Chlorides. Amide Formation from Acyl Chloride.

conjugation, conjugated dienes, addition reactions of conjugated dienes, diels-alder reaction, MO theory, color. addition reaction of conjugated dienes I: mechanism. addition reaction of conjugated dienes II: example. addition reaction of conjugated dienes III: control. diels-alder I: mechanism. diels-alder II: endo vs exo. diels-alder III: stereochemistry of dienophile. diels-alder IV: stereochemistry of diene. diels-alder V: regiochemistry. diels-alder VI: more regiochemistry. diels-alder VII: intramolecular. intro to molecular orbital (MO) theory. MO theory for butadiene. MO theory for Diels-Alder. intro to color theory. conjugation and color. color in organic molecules. addition reaction of conjugated dienes I: mechanism. addition reaction of conjugated dienes II: example. addition reaction of conjugated dienes III: control. diels-alder I: mechanism. diels-alder II: endo vs exo. diels-alder III: stereochemistry of dienophile. diels-alder IV: stereochemistry of diene. diels-alder V: regiochemistry. diels-alder VI: more regiochemistry. diels-alder VII: intramolecular. intro to molecular orbital (MO) theory. MO theory for butadiene. MO theory for Diels-Alder. intro to color theory. conjugation and color. color in organic molecules.

A review of hybrid orbitals, dot structures, electronegativity, and polarity. sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds. Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals. dot structures I: single bonds. dot structures II: multiple bonds. sp3 hybrid orbitals. tetrahedral bond angle proof. sp2 hybrid orbitals. sp hybrid orbitals. more hybridization. electronegativity. electronegativity and intermolecular forces. sp3 Hybridized Orbitals and Sigma Bonds. Pi bonds and sp2 Hybridized Orbitals. dot structures I: single bonds. dot structures II: multiple bonds. sp3 hybrid orbitals. tetrahedral bond angle proof. sp2 hybrid orbitals. sp hybrid orbitals. more hybridization. electronegativity. electronegativity and intermolecular forces.

bond-line structures, functional groups, formal charges, resonance structures, oxidation and reduction, acid/base chemistry. bond-line structures. 3-D bond-line structures. structural (constitutional) isomers. functional groups I. functional groups II. formal charge I. formal charge II. resonance structures I. resonance structures II. resonance structures III. oxidation states I. oxidation states II. Acid/Base Definitions. Ka and pKa Derivation. Stabilization of Conjugate Base I. Stabilization of Conjugate Base II. Stabilization of Conjugate Base III. Stabilization of Conjugate Base IV. bond-line structures. 3-D bond-line structures. structural (constitutional) isomers. functional groups I. functional groups II. formal charge I. formal charge II. resonance structures I. resonance structures II. resonance structures III. oxidation states I. oxidation states II. Acid/Base Definitions. Ka and pKa Derivation. Stabilization of Conjugate Base I. Stabilization of Conjugate Base II. Stabilization of Conjugate Base III. Stabilization of Conjugate Base IV.

chirality, stereoisomers, assigning absolute configuration using the R,S system, optical activity, diastereomers, meso compounds, fischer projections. Introduction to Chirality. Chiral Examples 1. Chiral Examples 2. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System for Naming Enantiomers. R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) Naming System Example 2. chirality centers and stereoisomers. R,S system for determining absolute configuration. R,S system for cyclic compounds. optical activity I: theory. optical activity II: calculations. Stereoisomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Constitutional Isomers and Meso Compounds. diastereomers. meso compounds. fischer projections. Introduction to Chirality. Chiral Examples 1. Chiral Examples 2. Cahn-Ingold-Prelog System for Naming Enantiomers. R,S (Cahn-Ingold-Prelog) Naming System Example 2. chirality centers and stereoisomers. R,S system for determining absolute configuration. R,S system for cyclic compounds. optical activity I: theory. optical activity II: calculations. Stereoisomers, Enantiomers, Diastereomers, Constitutional Isomers and Meso Compounds. diastereomers. meso compounds. fischer projections.

SN1, SN2, E1, E2, nucleophiles, nucleophilicity, basicity. Naming Alkyl Halides. Sn2 Reactions. Sn1 Reactions. Steric hindrance. Sn2 Stereochemistry. Solvent Effects on Sn1 and Sn2 Reactions. Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength). Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity. E2 Reactions. E1 Reactions. Zaitsev's Rule. Comparing E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 2. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 3. nucleophile/electrophile and The Schwartz Rules. alkyl halide nomenclature. SN1 reaction: mechanism. SN1 reaction: stereochemistry. SN2 mechanism and stereochemistry. SN1 vs SN2: solvent effects. SN1 vs SN2: summary. E1 Elimination: mechanism. E1 Elimination: regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. carbocations and rearrangements. E1 Elimination: carbocation rearrangements. E2 Elimination: mechanism. E2 Elimination: regioselectivity. E2 Elimination: stereoselectivity. E2 Elimination: stereospecificity. E2 Elimination: substituted cyclohexanes. nucleophilicity and basicity. SN1 SN2 E1 E2 reactions: primary and tertiary alkyl halides. SN1 SN2 E1 E2 reactions: secondary alkyl halides. Naming Alkyl Halides. Sn2 Reactions. Sn1 Reactions. Steric hindrance. Sn2 Stereochemistry. Solvent Effects on Sn1 and Sn2 Reactions. Nucleophilicity (Nucleophile Strength). Nucleophilicity vs. Basicity. E2 Reactions. E1 Reactions. Zaitsev's Rule. Comparing E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 2. E2 E1 Sn2 Sn1 Reactions Example 3. nucleophile/electrophile and The Schwartz Rules. alkyl halide nomenclature. SN1 reaction: mechanism. SN1 reaction: stereochemistry. SN2 mechanism and stereochemistry. SN1 vs SN2: solvent effects. SN1 vs SN2: summary. E1 Elimination: mechanism. E1 Elimination: regioselectivity and stereoselectivity. carbocations and rearrangements. E1 Elimination: carbocation rearrangements. E2 Elimination: mechanism. E2 Elimination: regioselectivity. E2 Elimination: stereoselectivity. E2 Elimination: stereospecificity. E2 Elimination: substituted cyclohexanes. nucleophilicity and basicity. SN1 SN2 E1 E2 reactions: primary and tertiary alkyl halides. SN1 SN2 E1 E2 reactions: secondary alkyl halides.